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Scientists Issue Serious Warning About Drinking Tap Water When Pregnant: ‘Our Results Showed...’

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Published June 28 2025, 8:46 a.m. ET

Pregnant woman drinking a glass of water in the kitchen at home (Representative Cover Image Source: Getty Images | Doughal Waters)
Source: Representative Cover Image Source: Getty Images | Doughal Waters

Pregnant woman drinking a glass of water in the kitchen at home

Fluoride, the most reactive chemical element in the Earth’s crust, is of no significance to human growth, except that it is sometimes recommended by dentists for teeth problems. But the dilemma is that it is everywhere. A drinking water entirely free from fluoride is still a daydream, so scientists are urging pregnant women to avoid drinking unfiltered tap water, which contains the greatest quantities of fluoride. In a study published in the journal JAMA Network Open, researchers from the University of Southern California's Keck School of Medicine analyzed 229 pregnant women to find the link between fluoride and a baby’s brain development.

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Source: Representative Image Source: Getty Images | Prostock Studio

Expecting mother drinking water during pregnancy

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Urinary fluoride is one of the best and most reliable measures of total fluoride intake, which reason why researchers used this factor to conduct the study. Maternal urine is also the most widely employed measure of individual fluoride exposure in epidemiological studies, including those assessing neurodevelopment, researchers mentioned in the study. They discovered a 0.68 mg/L increase in specific gravity–adjusted maternal urinary fluoride during pregnancy, which indicated that prenatal exposure to fluoride disrupted fetal health.

"Our results showed that higher fluoride levels in mothers' urine were associated with significantly increased neurodevelopmental problems in their three-year-old children, especially for internalizing problems like depression and anxiety," Tracy Bastain, an associate professor of clinical population and public health science and study author, told Newsweek. "These results are very concerning from a public health perspective, given that the majority of U.S. communities have fluoridated water."

Fluoride contamination mainly depends on the geology of the area. When volcanoes explode, they spew fluoride along with magma, per Intechopen. When the lava cools down, these gases fall and dissolve in the groundwater springs that feed the drinking water supplies of the country. Experts at News Medical explain that excessive exposure to fluoride in drinking water can trigger severe neurological damage and imbalance in the baby’s developing brain by disrupting certain neurotransmitters, including the shrinking levels of norepinephrine. These changes can lead to disordered intellectual growth in the child.

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